Cardiomyocyte SMAD4-Dependent TGF-β Signaling is Essential to Maintain Adult Heart Homeostasis

RNA-Seq Analysis Reveals Alteration in Ion Channel Genes in SMAD4 KO Mice

RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) analysis was performed at 4 weeks after TAM treatment. (A) Hierarchical clustering of 161 genes detected as significantly differential (at least 1.5-fold, p value <0.05) between the CTL and SMAD4 KO groups. (B) Gene Ontology analysis. (C) Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of ion-channel genes: kcna2 (***p = 0.0006), kcnd2 (*p = 0.0291), kcne1 (*p = 0.0111), clcn1 (**p = 0.0016), scn4b (***p = 0.0006), cacng6 (*p = 0.0130), and kcnv2 (**p = 0.0012). All p values are versus the CTL group. Abbreviations as in Figures 1 and 2.